[Search for users] [Overall Top Noters] [List of all Conferences] [Download this site]

Conference noted::equitation

Title:Equine Notes Conference
Notice:Topics List=4, Horses 4Sale/Wanted=150, Equip 4Sale/Wanted=151
Moderator:MTADMS::COBURNIO
Created:Tue Feb 11 1986
Last Modified:Thu Jun 05 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2080
Total number of notes:22383

459.0. "Your Horse's Health" by CADSE::NAJJAR () Mon Nov 23 1987 15:26

I thought I'd start this note to enter info that is directly or
indirectly related to your horse's health.  We can use this note as 
a base for updating others on horse health and related information.

One such piece of information came from a recent Equus article.  It 
said that for every 10 degree drop in temperature below 30 degrees
farenheight, you should increase your horse's feed by 15% - 22%   
because of the extra energy required to generate body heat.

I received a newsletter from my vet that contained information I thought 
other noters would benefit from.  The topics in this issue of the 
newsletter are:

New Facts in Equine Reproduction            Sexed Semen for Horses
Blood Worms                                 Ventilation
Potomac Horse Fever                         Feeding the Sick Horse
Speeding up Hoof Growth                     Killing Horses for Profit
Equine Flu Vaccine

I'll summarize each article here:

New Facts in Equine Reproduction
--------------------------------
Recent studies on mares failing to get pregnant show that the ability of
barren mares to produce a fertilized egg varies very little from that of
fertile mares.  The main difference seems to be the health of the fertilized
egg.  Barren mares tend to produce a higher percentage of unhealthy embryos
(fertilized eggs) which cannot survive, even in a healthy uterus.  This is 
a costly and difficult problem to diagnose and there is no cure at this time.

Sexed Semen for Horses
----------------------
Sexed cattle semen is now available and its producers are bragging of a
90% success rate.  The technique is patented by the U.S. government, and
there are economic benefits for cattle breeders that are not shared by the
horse industry.  Thus, it may be years before this technology is available
to the average brood mare owner.

Blood Worms
-----------
Blood Worms (Strongyles) are considered to be the most damaging parasites
to the life and health of the horse.  The two basic catagories are large
and small strongyles, with the large being the worse of the two.  The large
strongyle's larvae are ingested as the horse grazes.  

These parasites can cause permanent damage, the most common being to the
vital organs and to the blood supply of the intestines (ie. thrombosis,
emboli and aneurisms).  They have also been shown to cause ulcers and other
irritations the the lining of the intestinal tract.  As a result of these
problems, strongyles are considered to be the most common cause of equine
colic.

Routine worming and good pasture management can help reduce the potential
damage of these parasites.

Ventilation
-----------
Infectious respiratory diseases thrive in environments where the ventilation
is poor.  In addition, the build up of irritating gases from both urine
and feces inflame the respiratory tract making it less resistant to infections.

Reduction of dust is also important - the most common sources are dirt
alleyways, indoor arenas, bedding, and poor quality feeds.

Potomac Horse Fever (PHF)
-------------------------
According to the Morris Animal Foundation, PHF kills 30% or more of its
victims, and has been confirmed in 21 states in the U.S. and in Ontario,
Canada, with more cases being reported daily.  Typical signs of PHF are
depressed appetite, high fever, and very watery diarrhea.  Many horses
will founder.  A vaccine is currently available, contact your vet for info.

Feeding the Sick Horse
----------------------
Inadequate nutrition during illness can slow down the healing process and/or
result in malnourishment.  The horse's nutrient needs depend on the illness,
for instance, surgery or infections may increase the horse's metabolic rate
and therefore cause an increase in body protein breakdown.  This can result
in muscle wasting and slow wound healing.  Sick horses should be fed small
meals several times throughout the day.  Bad tasting medecine should be
given AFTER a meal so as not to reduce food consumption.

Speeding up Hoof Growth
-----------------------
Researchers at Iowa State University applied 'Reducine' to the coronet region
of test horses every third day.  The results showed that treated hooves
grew approximately 33% faster than untreated hooves.  'Reducine' may be
helpful in management of hoof cracks, brittle hooves, etc.

Killing Horses for Profit (this goes back to the note on Insurance Fraud)
-------------------------
The newsletter reproduced an article that appeared in Equine Veterinary
Data and People magazine.  The article addressed the issue of killing horses
for the insurance payment, and it showed how one insurance investigator,
Bill Graham, performs his job.  In the last 2 years, Graham's 8-man operation
has solved 80 horse-death cases and put at least 8 people in jail (killing
an animal is not a crime, but insurance fraud is)

The article states, "...Bill Graham, an ex-policeman and security expert
who has four college degrees, a stee-trap mind, and a bulldog determination
born of abiding anger. 'It's un-American to kill a horse,...I hate these
people.  If you kill your horse, look for me.'  Or he will look for you..."

Equine Flu Vaccine
------------------
A new flu vaccine, Equi Flu, has been developed.  It has demonstrated fewer
injection site reactions than some of the older vaccines.  It is approved
for use in all ages and types of horses.

T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
459.1NEWSLETTERMILVAX::NICKERSONTue Nov 24 1987 13:356
    Who is your vet?  Would like to get on the mailing list for the
    newsletter.
    If it is a subscription would like to get it.
    
    THANKS
    
459.2Dr. Barnes, NH vetCADSE::NAJJARTue Nov 24 1987 16:016
    Kathy - The vet is Dr. Barnes, out of NH.  I think his mailing list
    is based on his patients, and there was no form to send in as far
    as adding people to the mailing list.  It's something they just
    started, and it's a quarterly publication, so I'll let you know
    if I see anything that says "...if you want to be on the mailing
    list..."
459.3Yup! There is a difference....NHL::NICKERSONBob Nickerson DTN 282-1663 :^)Wed Nov 25 1987 15:4119
    Julie,
    
    One thing that caught my eye was the comment on sexed seman not
    being available yet for horses.  It must be that this particular
    process is not available because I've seen adds from a lab in Colorado
    which provides the service.  I thought that they were also doing
    research in Colo. State and Cal Poly.  In any case I was most surprised
    by their (the bovine lab) belief that there were no advantages in
    the horse world.  If only that were true but I can almost always
    demand 10 times the price for a mare compared to a comperable colt.
    Sometimes you have to give colts away.  On the other hand, top money
    horses on the track are normally stallions (look at Kentucky Derby
    results).  Depending on the breed there is a lot of advantage to
    picking the sex.
    
    Happy Turkey Day
    
    Bob
    
459.4But look what could happen...CADSE::NAJJARWed Nov 25 1987 17:1016
    Bob,
    
    I know you are looking at that comment from a breeder's/businessman's
    perspective, but I don't think that's how the researcher's look
    at it.  They probably don't want it to be widely used in the horse
    community for the exact reason that you stated - you can get more
    money for a mare than a colt, so if you had this technology available,
    you would breed almost exclusively mares, whereas in some other
    breeds, they would produce almost exclusively colts - look what
    that would do to the balance of things (greed does play a part).
    
    For instance, many people in the dressage/event world prefer geldings
    over mares and stallions because they are more tractable, predictable,
    and forgiving - therefore, many breeders in the warmblood/sporthorse
    market might want to produce lots of colts (to be gelded) as opposed
    to mares.
459.5CLINIC FOR DR BARNESMILVAX::NICKERSONMon Nov 30 1987 14:106
    Back to Dr. Barnes...is it his practice or does it go by another
    name?  I have used some vets in New Hampshire and who knows I
    mat have used the clinic at some point in time.
    
    THANKS FOR THE HELP
    
459.6Dr. Barnes + ?CADSE::NAJJARMon Nov 30 1987 16:073
    It is Dr. Barnes' practice, but I think he recently named
    it the Atkinson Equine Associates (or something like that)
    which leads me to believe he is now working with other vets.
459.7Heat stress and exhaustionCHGV04::LEECHDTN:474-2338 Chicago, Ill. ACITue Jul 12 1988 14:5544
    
    
    This is from THE SENTINAL which is a local horsemans paper much
    like the Pedlar.
    
    
    			HEAT EXAUSTION
    
    
    	The hotter the day and the harder the work, the higher the body
    tempurature of an exercising horse is apt to get.  Endurance horses
    may have regular peaks over 105.
    
    	The horse's primary heat control method is sweat.  On humid
    days, the horse sweats less effciently.  Dehydration also makes
    sweating less efficient.  Lack of dietary salt replenishment has
    been shown experimentally to noticable reduce sweat output in ponies.
    Build-up of body heat may result in heat exahstion (heat stroke),
    and its warning signale should be watched for closely.  
    
    	Clinical signs include depression, weakness, lack of appitite,
    and refusal to contine work.  Pulse and respiration rates increase,
    and rectal tempurature may rise to 106 to 110 degrees.  The gums
    may appear muddy or injected, with prolonged capillary refill time.
    Often sweating decreases-hot, dry skin indicates impending heat
    stroke.  Signs may progress to incoordination, collapse, convulsion,
    coma or death.
    
    	Most important is rapid lowering of body tempuration.  Cold
    hosing or ice packing the horse, in a shady place with a breeze
    or a fan, is very helpful.  Try to apply cold to the legs, head,
    neck and the large vessels of the inner leg surfaces.
    
    	Occasionally, cold applied over the back, loins and large muscles
    of the hindquarter causes cramping.  In server cases, however, it
    is more important to lower tempurature than avoid cramps, and the
    whole body is subjected to cooling.
    
    	Get veterinary attention immediatly.  Intravenius fluids are
    often necessary, and cold water enemas may be needed.  Attempts
    to "lower the feaver" with Bute or other medication should be done
    only with veterinary advice, as the external removal of the heat
    is the important goal, and drug toxicity is a possibility in dehydrated
    horses with lowered kidney function.
459.8Heat IndexCHGV04::LEECHDTN:474-2338 Chicago, Ill. ACITue Jul 12 1988 15:2358
    
    
    
    			Relative humidity
    
    		10%   20%   30%   40%   50%   60%   70%   80%   90%
    
    T	104	96*  104*  110#  120#  132$
    E
    M	102	97*  101*  108#  117#  125$
    P
    U	100	95*  99*   105#  110#  120#  132$
    R
    A	98	93*  97*   101*  108#  120#  128#
    T
    U	96	91*  95*   98*   104*  108#  120#  128#
    R
    E	94	89@  93*   95*   100*  105#  111#  122#
    
    F	92	87@  90*   92*   96*   100*  106#  115#  122#
    A
    H 	90	85@  88@   90*   92*   96*   100*  106#  114#  122#
    R
    E	88	82@  86@   87@   89@   93*   95*   100*  106#  115#
    N	
    H	86	80@  84@   85@   87@   90*   92*   96*   100*  109#
    E
    I	84	78@  81@   83@   85@   86@   89@   91*   95*   99*
    T
    	82	77@  79@   80@   81@   84@   86@   89@   91*   95*
    
    
    
    			General Heat Stress Index
    
    Danger		Heat 		Heat 
    Catagory		Index		Syndrome
    __________________________________________________________________________

   
    Extreme  $		130+		Heat/sunstroke highly likely
    Danger		degrees 	with continued exposure
   __________________________________________________________________________
    
    Danger   #		105 through	Sunstroke, heat cramps or heat 
    			130 degrees	exhaustion likely.  Heatstroke
    					possible with prolonged exposure
    					and/or physical activity.
   _________________________________________________________________________
    
    Extreme  *		90 through	Sunstroke, heat cramps and heat
    Caution		105 degrees	exhaustion possible with prolonged
    					exposure and/or physical activity.
    ________________________________________________________________________
    
    Caution  @		80 through	Fatigue possible with prolonged
    			90 degrees	exposure and/or physical activity.
    ________________________________________________________________________
459.9Toxicology Hotline.GENRAL::LEECHPat Leech CX01/02 DTN 522-6044Thu Feb 01 1990 15:3210
    
    
    If you suspect your horse is poisoned and you cannot reach a vet, the
    University of Illinois operates a toxicology hotline for animals 24
    hours a day.  
    
    The number is     (217) 333-3611.
    
    From The Quarter Horse Journal Feb. 1990.