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Conference napalm::commusic_v1

Title:* * Computer Music, MIDI, and Related Topics * *
Notice:Conference has been write-locked. Use new version.
Moderator:DYPSS1::SCHAFER
Created:Thu Feb 20 1986
Last Modified:Mon Aug 29 1994
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2852
Total number of notes:33157

2693.0. "Billboard computerized the charts" by DFN8LY::JANZEN (Tom 223-5140 MLO23-1) Sun Aug 04 1991 18:47

	File this under "Computer in the Music Industry"
	Communications of the ACM, Volume 34, Number 8, August 1991:
	page 10:
	Newstrack:
	"Took more than a bullet...
	Music is moving to a faster beat over at Billboard magazine now	that a
	new computerized sales tracking system is collating its widely used 
	record charts.  Up until two months ago, Billboard charts were 
	assembled from adata supplied weekly by a cross-section of retail 
	chains, some of whom have occuasionally been accused of over-reported 
	sales in exchange for advertising or promotion support.  The new 
	automated network, however, is based on point-of-sale data.  Industry 
	observers say the new system will have a dramatic impact on the charts.
	Indeed, singer Michael Boton's latest album bolted from #38 to #21 
	within dasy of the changeover."

	Corruption in the recording industry????? I don't get it! This is
	soooo disallusioning!

	This could mean that ALL chart placements for the last 40 years
	have been completely incorrect.

	So what obscure artists were ignored due to being pushed off the
	charts by inaccurate tallying?
	TOm
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2693.1SALSA::MOELLERps -axl | grep xroach | kill -9Tue Aug 06 1991 14:564
    I know some folks in music marketing, and farkling the Billboard chart
    is (was?) a full-time profession for some folks.
    
    karl
2693.2Yo, kid, I'll give you a buck to buy this CD for mePENUTS::HNELSONHoyt 275-3407 C/RDB/SQL/X/MotifMon Aug 12 1991 16:356
    I assume that the point-of-sale data collection occurs at a *sample* of
    stores? If the sample size isn't too big, they could still farkle (good
    word!) the chart by sending in agents to buy several copies from each
    sample store. They'd recycle the albums, of course, so the expense
    would be the retail mark-up (50%?). That's probably a LOT cheaper than
    bribing with advertising subsidies, etc.
2693.3QRYCHE::STARRSpontaneity has its time and place.Mon Aug 12 1991 19:1710
> I assume that the point-of-sale data collection occurs at a *sample* of
> stores? 

Actually, I don't believe this is true. In most cases, all the stores in the
various chains will be tied into the system. This isn't really that hard, as
most of them already have these systems in place for inventory control and
ordering. Its just a matter of SoundScan (is that the company?) to tie into
the existing systems....

alan
2693.4but can you dance to it?EZ2GET::STEWARTBalanced on the biggest waveMon Aug 12 1991 21:0313
    
    
    From what I've heard, L. Ron Hubbard's followers gimmick up the numbers
    the same way.  Every time another of those books appear they are
    assigned to buy a couple of copies at each bookstore in the area.  I
    doubt that the followers of N.W.A. (or any other recent chart-topper)
    are that organized, though...
    
    I think, that after some initial adjustments, we'll get used to the new
    system; maybe borrow some moving-average technology from the stock
    market technicians to decide whether we really like a given piece of
    software...
    
2693.5The UK has it nowFORTY2::ASHGrahame Ash @REOThu Aug 15 1991 07:3727
A similar system to this has been in use here in the UK for a few years now. 
The data is collected by Gallup, up until closing time on a Saturday, and the 
results are fed to the BBC by Sunday afternoon so that the new chart can be 
broadcast.

Initially there were worries about keeping secret which shops were 'chart 
shops' but these days it seems that, as someone has said, all shops in the big 
chains are hooked up. I don't know how amny 'independent' shpos participate.

Over the recent past I've detected changes in the UK chart. It is MUCH faster 
moving than the US charts. It's common for a record to enter the chart in the 
Top 5, but only spend 4-5 weeks in the 40! I've put this down to the band's 
hardcore support being the only ones who buy it!

But there may have been two changes to the charts which contribute - one being 
the more accurate data collection, and the other being, maybe, a much lower 
volume of sales. Of course much less records are sold here than in the US, but 
it seems that fewer people here are buying singles these days. How else could 
you explain the enormous number of songs which make the charts in the first 
week of release and which haven't had saturation airplay? Unfortunately the 
record companies are extremely reluctant to release actual sales volumes so 
I've no proof.

It'll be interesting to see if the Billboard chart behaviour changes. (And it 
MUST be better than that abomination of basing charts on radio airplay!!)

grahame
2693.6checks and balancesMAJTOM::ROBERTThu Aug 15 1991 14:2711
  Seeing that top sellers, sell in the 100,000's to even millions, I find it
  hard to believe they could hire enough 'agents', to buy enough copies to make that
  that much of a difference?!  Am I wrong?

  Wasn't earlier reported tallies ever compared to how many copies were
  actually sent to that particular store/chain.  ie. Wouldn't they find it
  wierd that a store said they sold 200 copies when they only had 100 to begin
  with!?

-Tom
2693.7PIANST::JANZENSynthetic VirtuosoThu Aug 15 1991 14:4218
>
>  Seeing that top sellers, sell in the 100,000's to even millions, I find it
>  hard to believe they could hire enough 'agents', to buy enough copies to make that
>  that much of a difference?!  Am I wrong?

Only certain stores were sampled.  If you knew which store, you could go there
and buy 5.  Those 5 there represented thousands at stores not in the survey.
Also record store employees could misrepresent the numbers.
>
>  Wasn't earlier reported tallies ever compared to how many copies were
>  actually sent to that particular store/chain.  ie. Wouldn't they find >it
>  wierd that a store said they sold 200 copies when they only had 100 to begin
>  with!?
Only the record company would know that, and it would be in their interest
to let it slide, or just never audit it.  You'd have to audit the reports
against the record-company's orders filled, and there isn't anyone chartered
to do that I think.
>-Tom
2693.8...NUTELA::CHADChad, ZKO Computer ResourcesThu Aug 15 1991 18:3311
	A recent article in ROLLING STONE magazine said that there are
	currently about 7500 stores hooked up and doing the samples.

	There was some concern that many of the big name chains like
	Strawberries, Tower (I think) and others weren't hooked up.

	A lot of the stores were department type stores and stuff..

	Chad

2693.9QRYCHE::STARRSpontaneity has its time and place.Fri Aug 16 1991 11:4112
>	There was some concern that many of the big name chains like
>	Strawberries, Tower (I think) and others weren't hooked up.

They weren't from Day One, but most of the big chains either are now hooked 
in, or are under contract to be hooked in soon. Tower has signed on already,
Strawberries will be very shortly, and Lechmere was just hooked in this
week. Billboard usually has a weekly story on the latest hookups.

BTW, as I mentioned earlier, this is NOT a sampling-type system. They are
taking real numbers of total units sold in ALL stores to get these figures!

alan
2693.10RICKS::SHERMANECADSR::SHERMAN 225-5487, 223-3326Fri Aug 16 1991 13:125
    It occurs to me that this discussion may be moot as far as we're
    concerned.  I mean, what are OUR chances of having independent albums
    carried by Tower, Strawberries or Lechmere?  Grumble, grumble ... ;^)
    
    Steve
2693.11SALSA::MOELLERreal boats rockFri Aug 16 1991 15:0816
    Yesterday's Wall Street Journal had an article about the Billboard
    system and the small company that aggressively chased the charting
    business - basically they solved the data connect/formatting problems
    with each large chain FIRST and then approached Billboard, who dumped
    their own data collection 'system'.  The goal is to also sell the
    massaged data back to record companies - something the individual
    retail chains aren't equipped to do.
    
   <<< Note 2693.10 by RICKS::SHERMAN "ECADSR::SHERMAN 225-5487, 223-3326" >>>

    >...I mean, what are OUR chances of having independent albums
    >carried by Tower, Strawberries or Lechmere?  Grumble, grumble ... ;^)
    
    Steve, I'll let you know..
    
    karl