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Conference thebay::joyoflex

Title:The Joy of Lex
Notice:A Notes File even your grammar could love
Moderator:THEBAY::SYSTEM
Created:Fri Feb 28 1986
Last Modified:Mon Jun 02 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:1192
Total number of notes:42769

68.0. "Subjunctive Mood" by CASTOR::[7,40] () Thu Apr 25 1985 21:41

How many people use proper grammar and punctuation in mathematics?  For
example, equations should have periods:
	4x = 2y + 9.

Also, commas and conjunctions are often omitted.


A previous note discussed double negatives.  Double negatives are trivial; I
actually heard this on a Washington, D.C., television station:

	"Congress narrowly missed not killing the repeal of the tax cut."

Will you now have more money, or less?


Now, on to the main topic of this note.  An earlier note contained a sentence
being used as an example of reported speech.  The subjunctive mood was not
used properly, and as I read the replies, I expected someone to correct it.
Not only was it not correct, someone said the subjunctive mood was no longer
used in English!  This is news to me.  These sentences are incorrect:

	If he was going to the store, he would take the car.
	We suggest he gives the speech now.

The proper forms are:

	If he were going to the store, he would take the car.
	We suggest he give the speech now.

In the second case, the correct form is often used, but, in the first case,
the incorrect form seems to be the more often used.  If you want to get
very formal, the correct form in the present tense can sound completely wrong:

	If he be ready, we will go now.


				-- edp
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68.1MILOS::CALLASThu May 02 1985 02:5218
Were you being facetious here? I thought that your comment on punctuation
in equations was quite funny, but reading on I can't tell. 

Double negatives are often correct. For example:

	He was not unkind.

The mention of the tax cut seemed grammatical to me. (Maybe 'cause I'm from
Washington?) Unclear, maybe, but proper. Multiple negatives are useful when
one wants to convey fine shades of meaning rather than monochrome views.

Yes, many people use "was" in the subjuctive. This has been noted by grammerians
for at least the last century. However, unless you are one of William Labov's
subjects, the correct sentence is "If he is ready, we will go now." English
is Latin, and the verb "to be" is irregular. As a matter of fact, I believe
that there is no Indo-European language in which it is regular.

	Jon
68.2BEING::POSTPISCHILThu May 02 1985 21:2819
No, I was not being facetious.  Punctuation really should be used in
mathematics.  An equation is not just a bunch of symbols, it is a statement
that two expressions have the same value.  When you see "a=b", you read
"a equals b".  The equation abbreviates English, and it has a subject, a
verb, and other parts of speech.  Thus, it is proper to put a period after it.
If you will examine mathematics texts, you should find the punctuation in
place.

Double negatives are sometimes acceptable, but the statement shown is a little
ridiculous.  At the very least, they could have said "Congress killed the
repeal of the tax cut with a slight margin."  Upon hearing the original
statement, I did not immediately comprehend whether I would have more money
or less.  Did you?

I do not have a reference handy (I should, now that I read this file
regularly), but I do believe the proper form of the present tense, subjunctive
mood for "to be" is "be".  This is irregular, isn't it?

				-- edp
68.3MILOS::CALLASFri May 03 1985 02:0812
I'll concede the point on the punctuation. I looked through a bunch of my old
math text books and that style was used far more often than it was not. So
it does seem to be the convention.

With the double negative about Congress, I understood it immediately upon
hearing it. However, I got thoroughly confused when I tried to analyze it.
What understood from it most clearly was that the question was not decided.
Or at least, that's what I took the string of gobbledegook to be trying to
tell me.

A reference please. What is third person present subjunctive for "to be"?
Anyone?
68.4SUPER::MATTHEWSFri May 03 1985 15:534
Re .0: you say "commas and conjunctions are often omitted [in mathematics]." By
whom? Was it a specific example that prompted this complaint? 

					Val
68.5ALIEN::POSTPISCHILMon May 06 1985 13:4918
There was no specific example that prompted this.  It's not really a
complaint, just something to provoke conversation.  Most (not all) texts
are pretty good about punctuation, but when you see papers turned in in
classes, it is usually absent.  I just thought I'd bring it to everyone's
attention.  Using punctuation properly is beneficial, because it helps
you think of the symbols as statements with meaning, rather than just
things you are juggling around according to some rules your teacher gave you.

About the present, subjunctive mood for "to be".  I checked four sources:
	Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1976,
	American Heritage Collegiate Dictionary, 1982,
	A Grammar of Present Day English, 1960, and
	some book in a bookstore.
They are all unanimous:  In every person, the present, subjunctive mood of
"to be" is "be".


				-- edp
68.6DR::BLINNSun Jan 12 1986 23:525
Therefor,

		TOYS-BE-US

Tom
68.7VOGON::GOODENOUGHMon Jan 13 1986 08:108
"If he be ready, ..." sounds a bit contrived.

An example of the present subjunctive of "to be" in everyday speech
is "Be that as it may, ...."   (I think: or is the 'be' part of 'may be'?)

Ditto the imperfect subjunctive: "If I were you, I would ..."
                                                         
Jeff.
68.8BEING::POSTPISCHILMon Jan 13 1986 19:289
Re .6:

I'm not sure why you think "Toys R Us" should be considered subjunctive.  It's
just a normal indicative sentence.  However, if it be subjunctive, it should
be "Toys B Us".  And, of course, the predicate nominative should be in the
nominative case:  "Toys B We".


				-- edp
68.9VIA::LASHERSat Jan 18 1986 23:286
We did not have the nerve to include the following instruction in VAX RALLY:


Type "Y<RETURN>" if you want applications using this
data source definition to wait if a resource be locked.
Otherwise, type "N<RETURN>".
68.10DR::BLINNSun Jan 19 1986 21:0014
Re: .9 --

> We did not have the nerve to include the following instruction in VAX RALLY:
>
>
> Type "Y<RETURN>" if you want applications using this
> data source definition to wait if a resource be locked.
> Otherwise, type "N<RETURN>".


Is that because you figured people would type in the string "Y<RETURN>" 
or the string "N<RETURN>" and then just sit there?  (obvious :^)

Tom ~/~
68.11SPECTR::GOLDSTEINThu May 01 1986 23:148
    Re: .5
    
    > They are all unanimous...
    
    Are you sure?  Perhaps one or two were not unanimous.  "They are
    unanimous" makes better sense to me.
    
    Bernie
68.12The executioner wanted to know where the prisoner be headed.TKOV52::DIAMONDWed Feb 07 1990 16:590