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Conference rusure::math

Title:Mathematics at DEC
Moderator:RUSURE::EDP
Created:Mon Feb 03 1986
Last Modified:Fri Jun 06 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2083
Total number of notes:14613

542.0. "Help, the floor is spinning" by MODEL::YARBROUGH () Wed Jul 23 1986 14:55

The following diagram shows a pattern of tiles (it happens to come from my 
bathroom floor) which is all one color except for seven distinguished 
squares, marked by '*'. The point marked 'o' has an unusual property:
for each distinguished point, there is another which is at an angle of + or
- 90 degrees about the 'o', and the same distance from the 'o'. In other 
words, the 'o' is a center of rotation which carry distinguished 
points into each other.

	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | * |   |   | * |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| * |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | * |   |  
	+---+---o---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | * |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
Problem 1: Find another point in the diagram which has the same properties 
as 'o'.

Problem 2: Does there exist an arrangement of tiles with at least two 
distinguished points which has THREE or more centers of rotation?
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
542.1X marks the spot.CHOVAX::YOUNGChi-SquareWed Jul 23 1986 20:3625
    
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | * |   |   | * |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   | X |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| * |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | * |   |  
	+---+---o---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | * |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

    
    How this Lynn?
    
    
    -- Barry
    
542.2re. .0 on Problem 1 THEBUS::KOSTASKostas G. Gavrielidis <o.o> Wed Jul 23 1986 20:3828
re. .0

> Problem 1: Find another point in the diagram which has the same properties 
> as 'o'.


How's this?

	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | * |   |   | * |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---o---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| * |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | * |   |  
	+---+---o---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | * |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

Kostas G.
    
542.31 answer to #2CHOVAX::YOUNGChi-SquareWed Jul 23 1986 20:4313
    #2 :
    
    The cartesian plane, with only integer vertices distinguished, has
    an infinite number of such rotation points.
    
    I guess you where thinking finite though, huh?
    
    Also, did you intend that +90, -90 degrees be the only rotations
    allowed?
    
    
    -- Barry
    
542.4CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyWed Jul 23 1986 23:491
re .2	Sorry, Barry's got it right.
542.5CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyThu Jul 24 1986 00:2312
542.6Look a little deeper...MODEL::YARBROUGHThu Jul 24 1986 12:3613
    re .2: close, but no cigar. See .1 for the correct solution.
    
    Since we are talking about square tiles being rotated, clearly only
    multiples of 90 deg. are relevant.
    
    Notice that, for the two centers of rotation in note .1 that
    the squares that rotate into one another are completely different.
    The fact that there are seven squares involved is relevant. To see
    this more clearly, assign letters A-G to the distinguished tiles
    and write down the pairs that are separated by 90 deg in each case.
    Also note that the radii are different in the two cases.
                                                         
    Lynn 
542.7CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyThu Jul 24 1986 14:5431
542.88 rotations, 7 pointsGALLO::JMUNZERThu Jul 24 1986 15:5935
Seven points seem to fit naturally:

	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | C |   |   | E |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   | X |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| G |   |   | A |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | D |   |  
	+---+---o---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | B |   |   |   |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   | F |   |  
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

If R means rotation of 90 degrees about X, and
if r means rotation of 90 degrees about o, then

	    r        R        r        R
	A -----> B -----> C -----> D -----> A
and
            R        r        R        r
	A -----> E -----> F -----> G -----> A

Seven points, each connected to another point by an R or an r.

Part of the difficulty of Problem #2 is that a third rotation can't fit
connections together so easily.

John
542.9four, not sevenMODEL::YARBROUGHThu Jul 24 1986 16:276
    As pointed out in .-1, there are two cycles of four tiles each which
    satisfy the rotational condition independently. So in fact seven
    is not the relevant number, but four is.
    
    My current suspicion is that three centers of rotation are possible,
    but not in the 8x8 confines; I think a larger space might work out.
542.10No, seven is irrelevantCLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyThu Jul 24 1986 17:1531
Find the two centers.

	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | X | X |   | X |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   | X |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| X | X |   |   |   |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

Find the two centers.

	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | X | X |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   | X |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   | X | X |   |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+


P.S. I wonder whether whether I can prove three centers are impossible
     before Lynn finds an example.  :-).
542.11Party of the first part...CHOVAX::YOUNGChi-SquareThu Jul 24 1986 21:4819

	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | 1 |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | X | X |   | X |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   | X |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| X | X |   |   |   |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | 2 |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
                       
    How's this?
    
    
    -- Barry
    
542.12Party of the second part.CHOVAX::YOUNGChi-SquareThu Jul 24 1986 22:0019
  Here we go:
    
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | X |<X>|   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   | X |   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   | X | X |<2>|   | X |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
    
    Note : <1> is on an 'X'.
    
    
    -- Barry
    
542.13CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyFri Jul 25 1986 13:5969
542.14GALLO::JMUNZERFri Jul 25 1986 21:3724
    Three centers of rotation:
    	
    	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | * |   | * |   | * |   | * |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| * |   | * |   | * |   | * |   | * |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | * |   | * |   | * |   | * |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	| * |   | * | o | * | o | * |   | * |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   | * |   | * | o | * |   | * |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   |   | * |   |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | * |   | * |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   | * |   | * |   | * |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
	|   |   |   | * |   | * |   |   |   |
	+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
    
    John
    
542.15 WOW.CHOVAX::YOUNGChi-SquareSat Jul 26 1986 00:489
    
    You know, I would have bet anything that three centers of rotation
    could not exist.
    
    VERY nice.
    
    
    -- Barry
    
542.16CLT::GILBERTlike an eager childSun Jul 27 1986 01:461
    Oh, Wow!  Amaze us again.
542.17CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyMon Jul 28 1986 18:1328
Somewhere this argument is flawed...

Three centers cannot be in a row.

Assume we can have three centers in a row, at points (a,0), (b,0) and (c,0)
(with a < b < c), let x0 and x0 be the x-coordinates of the (marked) tiles
having least and greatest x-coordinate, respectively.  Let y0 be the
y-coordinate of the tile having the greatest y-coordinate.  By symmetry, if
for each marked tile (x,y), we also mark the tile (x,-y), we will also have
a solution, so we have -y0 as the least y-coordinate. 

	(x0,y0)	+-------------------------------+ (x1,y0)
		|				|
		|				|
		|				|
		|	A	B  C		|
		|				|
		|				|
		|				|
       (x0,-y0)	+-------------------------------+ (x1,-y0)

Now if point A is able to rotate a right-most tile somewhere into the
rectangle, we must have 'x1 <= a+y0'.  For point B, we have 'y0 <= x1-b'.
But 
	y0 <= x1-b <= (a+y0)-b  implies   b <= a.

Note that we haven't even considered point C, so we might reasonably
conclude that *two* points cannot be in a row!
542.18>, not <.MODEL::YARBROUGHMon Jul 28 1986 20:292
    'x1 <= a+y0' is incorrect; should read
    'x1 >= a+y0'.
542.19CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyMon Jul 28 1986 21:293
    No, that's not it.  The equation should put an upper bound on x1;
    if x1 is *too* large, there's no way point A can rotate it into
    the rectangle.
542.20GALLO::JMUNZERMon Jul 28 1986 21:5012
Re .17:

 >  Now if point A is able to rotate a right-most tile somewhere into the
 >  rectangle, we must have 'x1 <= a+y0'.

    Okay.

 >  For point B, we have 'y0 <= x1-b'.

    No, it's 'x1 <= b+y0', just like A.

John
542.21More on Lynn's bathroom :-)CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyMon Jul 28 1986 23:1348
542.22CLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyTue Jul 29 1986 19:2860
542.23finding possible centers, given the convex hullCLT::GILBERTIt's a DuseyTue Jul 29 1986 21:48116
542.24CLT::GILBERTschmaltzyWed Jul 30 1986 23:1368
542.25Centers cannot form an obtuse triangleCLT::GILBERTeager like a childTue Aug 05 1986 15:1337
542.26Here's the tile-rotation note:CHOVAX::YOUNGWhere is our Laptop VAXstation?Sun Oct 21 1990 17:051
    Mentioned at the math dinner...