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Conference rusure::math

Title:Mathematics at DEC
Moderator:RUSURE::EDP
Created:Mon Feb 03 1986
Last Modified:Fri Jun 06 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2083
Total number of notes:14613

72.0. "x^2 + y^2 + z^2" by HARE::STAN () Wed May 30 1984 04:39

The following problem of mine was rejected by the Mathematics
Magazine as being too easy.

Let Z  be the integers modulo p and let C denote the complex numbers.
     p
			  2    2    2				       2
The quadratic polynomial x  + y  + z  factors over Z [x,y,z] as (x+y+z) .
						    2

	  2    2    2
(a) Does x  + y  + z  factor as the product of two linear polynomials

    over Z [x,y,z] for any prime p>2?
          p

          2    2    2
(b) Does x  + y  + z  factor as the product of two linear polynomials

    over C[x,y,z] ?
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
72.1It's about timeCIVAGE::LYNNLynn Yarbrough @WNP DTN 427-5663Tue Apr 23 1991 15:1919
Goodness, this is an oldie for it not to have been answered.

>	   2    2    2
>(a) Does x  + y  + z  factor as the product of two linear polynomials
>
>    over Z [x,y,z] for any prime p>2?
>          p

No.

Let x^2+y^2+x^2 = (ax+by+cz)*(dx+ey+fz). Then we get
	ad = 1, be = 1, cf = 1 (mod p) and
	ae+bd=0, af+cd=0, bf+ce=0 (mod p).

Eliminating d,e,f from these leaves
	a^2+b^2=0, a^2+c^2=0, c^2+b^2=0 (mod p) or
	2a^2=2b^2=2c^2=0 mod p, so p is even, therefore p is 2.

I think the same argument holds for complex coeff's as well.