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Conference rusure::math

Title:Mathematics at DEC
Moderator:RUSURE::EDP
Created:Mon Feb 03 1986
Last Modified:Fri Jun 06 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2083
Total number of notes:14613

44.0. "Foreign Numbers" by HARE::STAN () Fri Feb 24 1984 22:44

I have typed in the names of the numbers from 1 to 20 in 14 different
languages, should anyone need them.  Hyphens and accents are omitted.
Let me know if you discover any errors in this list.

Dutch
-----
een
twee
drie
vier
vijf
zes
zeven
acht
negen
tien
elf
twaalf
dertien
veertien
vijftien
zestien
zeventien
achttien
negentien
twintig

English
-------
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty

French
------
un
deux
trois
quatre
cinq
siz
sept
huit
neuf
dix
onze
douze
treize
quatorze
quinze
seize
dixsept
dixhuit
dixneuf
vingt

German
------
ein
zwei
drei
vier
funf
sechs
sieben
acht
neun
zehn
elf
zwolf
dreizehn
vierzehn
funfzehn
sechzehn
siebzehn
achtzehn
neunzehn
zwanzig

Hungarian
---------
egy
ketto
harom
negy
ot
hat
het
nyolcz
kilenc
tiz
tizenegy
tizenketto
tizenharom
tizennegy
tizenot
tizenhat
tizenhet
tizennyolcz
tizenkilenc
husz

Icelandic
---------
einn
tveir
prir
fjorir
fimm
sex
sjo
atta
niu
tiu
ellefu
tolf
prettan
fjortan
fimtan
sextan
sautjan
atjan
nitjan
tuttugu

Italian
-------
uno
due
tre
quattro
cinque
sei
sette
otto
nove
dieci
undici
dodici
tredici
quattordici
quindici
sedici
diciasette
diciotto
diciannove
venti

Latin
-----
unus
duo
tres
quatuor
quinque
sex
septem
octo
novem
decem
undecim
duodecim
tredecim
quatuordecim
quindecim
sedecim
septemdecim
duodeviginti
undeviginti
viginti

Norwegian
---------
en
to
tre
fire
fem
seks
sju
atte
ni
ti
elleve
tolv
tretten
fjorten
femten
seksten
sytten
atten
nitten
tjue

Polish
------
jeden
dwa
tszy
cztery
pjenc
szesc
sedem
osiem
dziewjenc
dziesienc
odynascie
dwanascie
tszynascie
czternascie
pjatnascie
szesnascie
sedemnascie
osiemnascie
dziewjetnascie
dwadziescia

Portuguese
----------
um
dois
tres
quatro
cinco
seis
sete
oito
nove
dez
onze
doze
treze
catorze
quinze
dezasseis
dezassete
dezoito
dezanove
vinte

Romanian
--------
uan
doua
trei
patru
cinci
sase
sapte
opt
noua
zice
unsprezece
douasprezece
treisprezece
patrusprezece
cincisprezece
sasesprezece
saptesprezece
optsprezece
nouasprezece
douazeci

Spanish
-------
un
dos
tres
cuatro
cinco
seis
siete
ocho
nueve
diez
once
doce
trece
catorce
quince
dieziseis
diezisiete
dieziocho
diezinueve
veinte

Swedish
-------
etta
tva
tre
fyra
fem
sex
sju
atta
nia
tio
lag
tolv
tretton
fjorton
femton
sexton
sjutton
aderton
nitton
tjugo

			Reference

Sidney Kravitz, The Lucky Languages, Journal of Recreational Mathematics
		7(1974)225-228.
T.RTitleUserPersonal
Name
DateLines
44.1REGINA::DCLWed Feb 29 1984 16:4513
My next-office neighbor is a native speaker of Swedish.  When I had him look
over your list, he was at first confused and unhappy at the lack of
diacriticals (more so because he and I worked together to develop the
VT240, which includes the DEC multinational character set).  Then he
offered the following corrections to the Swedish list:

1. ett, not etta
9. nio, not nia
11. elva, not lag ("I don't know where they got THAT!")
18. arton, not aderton ("That's the old spelling")

I hope these changes don't break any of your existing alphametics, and enable
new ones.
44.2REGINA::DCLWed Feb 29 1984 16:5619
You may want to reconsider the issue of diacriticals.  In Swedish, regular
O and slashed O are not the same letter at all, and arguably should be
treated separately in the construction of alphametics.  According to my
Swedish-speaking neighbor, an analogous situation would occur if a native
speaker of Latin (which has no character "I") decided to substitute the
letter "J" for "I" in his English-language writing, just because "I" was
not a letter of his native alphabet.

For the record, the Swedish list (as amended by .1) is correct except that
2. tva and 8. atta should be 2. tv(a with circle) and
8. (a with circle)tta (note the second "a" is a "regular" one, without any
diacritical).


As a former student of French, I would agree that diacriticals in that
language may be ignored with impunity.

Perhaps you could adopt the procedures (if any) used for crossword puzzles
in the various countries.
44.3HARE::STANWed Jul 11 1984 17:103
Oops. As 46.3 points out, French for 6 is "six" not "siz".

Any other errors folks?
44.4Anyone else?SYSENG::NELSONTue Apr 08 1986 13:062
    I always learned uno for one in Spanish ?  Un being an article "a".
    Steve
44.5BISQUE::RATCLIFFJohn RatcliffSun Nov 02 1986 16:272
    Also, 17, 18 and 19 in French are hyphenated:
      dix-sept, dix-huit, dix-neuf.
44.6Counting from right to leftKIRK::KOLKERWed Jun 03 1987 19:4014
    any addition to your list:
    HEBREW:
    echad
    shnay
    schloshah
    arba-ah
    chamishah
    scheschah
    schevah
    schmonah
    tee-scha-ah
    esserah
    (this are the cardinals)
    
44.7Directly from the original bible...TAV02::NITSANDuvdevani, DEC IsraelThu Jun 04 1987 07:5223
Except for writing/reading from right to left, we also use a totally different
character set (which is probably not built into YOUR terminals). Ignoring this
"problem", the correct names ("approximated" in English characters) are:


	 male		female			 male		 female
	------		------			------		 ------
1	echad		achat		1st	rishon		 rishona
2	shnaim		shtaim		2nd	sheni		 shniya
3	shlosha		shalosh		3rd	shlishi		 shlishit
4	arba'a		arba		4th	revi'i		 revi'it
5	hamisha		hamesh		5th	hamishi		 hamishit
6	shisha		shesh		6th	shishi		 shishit
7	shiv'a		sheva		7th	shvi'i		 shvi'it
8	shmona		shmone		8th	shmini		 shminit
9	tish'a		tesha		9th	tshi'i		 tshi'it
10	assara		esser		10th	assiri		 assirit

11	achad-assar	achat-essre	11th	ha-achad-assar	 ha-achat-essre
12	shneim-assar	shteim-essre	12th	ha-shneim-assar	 ha-shteim-essre
13	shlosha-assar	shlosh-essre	13th	ha-shlosha-assar ha-shlosh-essre
14	arba'a-assar	arba-essre	14th	ha-arba'a-assar	 ha-arba-essre
...	 . . .		 . . .		...	 . . .		  . . .
44.8Russian (or close)EAGLE1::DANTOWITZDavid - BXB1-1/E11 DTN: 293-5356Thu Jun 04 1987 17:1613
I'll try some Russian: (as I remember them ...)

aw-deen
deh-va
treh-ee
chiteria
piat
shaisd
see-ehm
voh-see-ehm
dy-evett
dy-esett

44.9JapaneseTHAV05::TANAKAA voice from east.Fri Jul 10 1987 06:0825
    In japanese
    
    0: rei                     10 : juu
    1: ichi                   100 : hyaku
    2: ni                    1000 : sen
    3: san
    4: si (or yon)           10^ 4 : man
    5: go                    10^ 8 : oku
    6: roku                  10^12 : chou
    7: shichi                10^16 : kei
    8: hachi
    9: kyuu
    
    Special Rule :
    ichi(1) before juu(10), hyaku(100) or sen(1000) is suppressed.
    san(3) and sen(1000) or hyaku(100) makes san-zen(3000) or san-byaku(300)
    roku(6) and hyaku(100) makes roppyaku(600)
    hachi(8) and sen(1000) or hyaku(100) makes hassen(8000) or happyaku(800)
    
    so 123456789 is 
    ichi-oku-ni-sen-san-byaku-yon-juu-go-man-roku-sen-nana-hyaku-hachi-juu-kyuu
    9876543210 is
    kyuu-juu-hachi-oku-nana-sen-roppyaku-go-juu-yon-man-san-zen-ni-hyaku-juu

    Hitoshi Tanaka/I am Japanese.
44.10In ArabicBOURIK::BEARTMon Jul 20 1987 14:0735
    In arabic
    
    0: sifr
    1: oua'hed
    2: eth'nin'
    3: tleta
    4: arba'a
    5: ramsa
    6: setta
    7: saba'a
    8: t'mania
    9: tessa'a
   10: ach'ra
   11: haddech 
   12: etn'ach 
   13: tlet'ach 
   14: arba'ach
   15: ramst'ach
   16: sett'ach
   17: sabaat'ach
   19: tessa'ach   
   20: achr'in' 
   21: oua'hed ou achr'in'
    ...
   29: t'mania ou achr'in'  
   30: tlet'in            
   31: oua'hed ou tlet'in'
    ... 
   40: arba'in'
    ...
  100: mi'eh  
  200: eth'nin' mi'eh
    ...
 1000: elf     
       
44.11Romanian and Catalan numeralsEVTSG8::ESANUAu temps pour moiTue Sep 06 1994 11:4656
Let me correct the list of the Romanian numerals:


True spelling                       Colloquial
 M  -  F                             M  -  F

unu - una                           unu - una                           
doi - doua                          doi - doua                          
trei                                trei
patru                               patru             
cinci                               cinci             
sase                                sase              
sapte                               sapte             
opt                                 opt               
noua                                noua              
zece                                zece              
unsprezece                          unspe        
doisprezece - douasprezece          doispe      
treisprezece                        treispe      
paisprezece/patrusprezece           paispe     
cincisprezece                       cinspe     
saisprezece/sasesprezece            saispe      
saptesprezece                       saptespe     
optsprezece                         optispe       
nouasprezece                        nouaspe      
douazeci                            douazeci          
                    
Rem. The '/' lists valid spellings.

Rem. In Romanian too there are diacritical signs, which change
drastically the pronunciation of the letter: for instance an inversed
^ over 'a' is read close to the English 'er', and a comma under 's'
reads 'sh'.

(I am a native Romanian speaker).

======================================================================

The Catalan numerals:

un 		onze
dos             dotze
tres            tretze
quatre          catorze
cinc            quinze
sis             setze
set             disset
vuit            divuit
nou             dinou
deu             vint

Rem. 'v' is read 'b' and the final 'e' is read kind of 'er'.

(cf. Pere VERDAGUER, Cours de langue catalane, Editorial Barcino,
1992, Barcelona, Spain)