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Conference rusure::math

Title:Mathematics at DEC
Moderator:RUSURE::EDP
Created:Mon Feb 03 1986
Last Modified:Fri Jun 06 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2083
Total number of notes:14613

21.0. "Primes of the form 3333...1" by HARE::STAN () Tue Jan 31 1984 14:04

In Crux Mathematicorum 9(1983)45, problem 813,
Charles W. Trigg notes that the following numbers are all prime:

			     31
			    331
			   3331
			  33331
			 333331
			3333331

and asks how long this pattern continues.  He also wants to know the
first prime number of this form that occurs after a composite number.

I was able to come up with the following results:

Let 3(k)1 denote the number consisting of k 3's followed by a 1.

Then 3(7)1 is prime.

3(8)1	= 17 X 19607843
3(9)1	= 673 X 4952947
3(10)1	= 307 X 108577633
3(11)1	= 19 X 83 X 211371803
3(12)1	= 523 X 3049 X 2090353
3(13)1	= 607 X 1511 X 1997 X 18199
3(14)1	= 181 X (1841620626151)
3(15)1	= 199 X (16750418760469)
3(16)1	= 31 X (1075268817204301)

All the factors shown are prime except for the ones in parentheses
which are not known (by me) to be prime.  I was unable to determine
if 3(17)1 is prime or composite.

Anyone care to search any further?
T.RTitleUserPersonal
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21.1AURORA::HALLYBWed Feb 01 1984 00:4210
It isn't too hard to determine that p = 3(17)1 is a "probable prime" by
checking out A^(p-1) (mod p) for various bases A.  I've done this for some
fun A (=47, =74353, =132049) and found the result = 1 in all cases.  So we
go on the assumption that 3(17)1 is probably a prime.  Stan, I assume you
got this far rather easily.

Does this mean our factoring capabilities so limited that we can't check
out an 18-digit number?  Or did you just try a simple direct search?

							John
21.2HARE::STANThu May 31 1984 23:366
Hallyburton's factoring program (see note 73) was unable to factor
3(17)1 either.  It came up with more factors to 3(16)1 than I had.

3(16)1=31 * 1499 * (717324094199).

It also found 3(18)1 = 1009 * 1303427 * (2534550017).
21.3AURORA::HALLYBSun Jun 03 1984 22:3921
N = 3(17)1 is prime.  Someday I'll automate this; here's how it goes:


			      n0:	n1:
N-1 = 3(17)0 = 2 * 3 * 5 * 2071723 * 5363222357

n0 - 1  =  2 * 3 * 17 * 19  * 1069	all factors prime
n1 - 1  =  2 * 2 * 17 * 389 * 202753	all factors prime

[1] For every d | (n0-1), d > 1, it turns out that  2^((n0-1)/d) > 1 (mod n0)
and 2^(n0-1) = 1 (mod n0).  Hence n0 is prime.

[2] For every d | (n1-1), d > 1, it turns out that  2^((n1-1)/d) > 1 (mod n1)
and 2^(n1-1) = 1 (mod n1).  Hence n1 is prime.

[1] and [2] above allow us to proceed and say:

For every d | (N-1), d > 1, it turns out that  2^((N-1)/d) > 1 (mod N)
and 2^(N-1)  = 1 (mod N).   Hence N is prime.

Reference:  Knuth Vol II, pp. 347-350.
21.4More 3'sCIVAGE::LYNNLynn Yarbrough @WNP DTN 427-5663Fri Nov 15 1991 15:2113
>It also found 3(18)1 = 1009 * 1303427 * (2534550017).

3(19)1 =               29 * 29 * 1039 * 3389 * 11256299321

3(20)1 = 	       23 * 164844923 * 87917500639

3(21)1 =               177943 * 18732590398798117

3(22)1 =               61 * 179 * 241049 * 12664572810301

3(23)1 =               312929 * 2228959 * 477893202221

3(24)1 =               17*821593951*238656128290493