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Conference noted::equitation

Title:Equine Notes Conference
Notice:Topics List=4, Horses 4Sale/Wanted=150, Equip 4Sale/Wanted=151
Moderator:MTADMS::COBURNIO
Created:Tue Feb 11 1986
Last Modified:Thu Jun 05 1997
Last Successful Update:Fri Jun 06 1997
Number of topics:2080
Total number of notes:22383

1622.0. "Equine Morphology (and other things)" by RUMOR::PAANANEN () Thu Apr 23 1992 01:50

By popular demand, and general confusion....

In note 199.96 I introduced the concept of equine classification by means of
morphology, which is the study of form and structure as opposed to the
current method which is classification by means of classical usage paradigm. 

I'd like to start a topic to discuss the morphology of equines.

I will restate from my previous note...

	I believe the more proper terminology in discussing horses should be 
	based on their morphology (study of form and structure). This 
	method of classification leaves much less room for personal 
	interpretation, and allows a uniform method of classification based 
	on observable characteristics rather than flamboyant or romantic 
	labels. 

	Horses are classified as three major morphologies and 2 minor ones...

	DOLICHOMORPHIC - which are breeds that exhibit long limbs and 
	very suited to running (ie Thoroughbreds, Bulgarian Plevan, French 
	Trotter, Quarterhorse)

	MESOMORPHIC - sturdy horses with harmonious lines, capable of 
	powerful and rapid movements, very suitable for riding. (ie Arabs, 
	Lusitano, Undulation, Welsh Cob, Irish Hunter, Frederiksborg, Morgan)

	BRACHYMORPHIC - massive, compact, and powerful, predominately with 
	short strong lines well suited for heavy work. (ie Shires, Murakoz, 
	Jutland)

	MESO-DOLICHOMORPHIC (ie Oldenburg, Trakainer, Hannovarian, San 
	Fratello, Tersky, Orlov, Lipizzaner) as they were cross bred for 
	many generations in and out of these two morphologies. 

	MESO-BRACHYMORPHIC horses (ie Irish Draft, Dole Gudbrandsdal, 
	Lithuanian Heavy Draft, Sokolsky, and Frisian) which are somewhat 
	smaller and lighter versions of their BRACHYMORPHIC cousins. 

Well, let's see where this note goes...

/s/Ed P

"A horse is a horse of course, of course, unless the horse is a mesomorph"
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1622.1sub-classificationsREGENT::GARROWFri Apr 24 1992 13:185
    Would you have sub-classifications....under your major
    classifications!!  What makes a quarter horse different fromother
    horses in that same category.
    
    
1622.2no sub-classesKALED::paananenDALEK is an anagram of KALEDFri Apr 24 1992 14:0954
re:.1
No, there are not really any sub-classes beyond the meso-doli and 
meso-brachy.

The point of this system of classification is to attempt to make
approriate groupings of equines as opposed to the current
popular system of hot-blood, warm-blood, cold-blood or the
equally popular  riding, draft, light-draft, coach, farm, sport,
show, hunter categories that have been invented.

The morphology of equines will always be the same unless
the breed evolves into something else, but then it's no longer
that breed any more now is it?

It is an attempt by researches to classify equines by a more
stable (pun) method of calssification. That is one that doesn't
change based on someone elses "opinion". The point about
Frisians was very appropos in introducing morphology here.
Is or are Frisians a draft horse? Who cares! Person X may say
"yes it is" and person Y say "No it ain't". Both, by their world-view
and understanding may be correct. 

By classification according to morphology, you'd have to deny
the animals structure, and conformation to say such and such
a breed was not (for instance) "brachymorphic".  Hence its very 
existance would be put to question. Such absurdity of denying
that Frisians really existed at all would be laughable, so the case
is clearly made that it falls into a respective category.

The meso-dolichomatic and meso-brachymorphic classes
were devised in recognition that MODERN horses are being
cross-breed for specific purposes,  as classified current breeds
still exhibit either strong dolichomorphic or brachymorphic
structure but are beginning to show mesomorphic qualities
that do not fit within tight definition. Some breeds are shifting
back to either dolichomorphic or brachymorphic from 
meso-dolichomorphic/meso-brachymorphic as breeding
programs refine their structure and conformation. But this
(if any change) will take 10-20 generations to effect.

Your point of sub-classifications does raise one tiny little nit
I have with the system, as morphology is a study of structure
and as is sometimes hotly debated, the Arab having a physical
structure which is unlike any other horse, I wonder if it is
not a "breed" but a different "species" entirely. This single breed
does not cleanly fit the morphologic classification of  a mesomorph.
It has the qualities but also some major differences that fall outside
of the clssification system which contunually raises questions.

As for the quarterhorse in your question, it is by its morphology
that it is  "the same" (not different) as all the other horses 
in the category.

Ed P (confused yet? I'm working on it.) :-)
1622.3I'M ALMOST TOTALLY BEFUDDLEDDECWET::JDADDAMIOMontar con orgulloFri Apr 24 1992 18:1147
    OK, now that we are nearly confused, let me give you the opportunity to
    complete the job. I still don't see the underlying qualities that place
    a breed in one category or another. That lack of understanding makes the 
    examples you give seem to be riddled with inconsistency or at least as
    much arbitrariness as the classical usage desginations. Would you
    be more specific about what qualities are associated with each of the 5
    categories?
    
    The rest of this note is an enumeration of points that I find
    confusing, apparently inconsistent or at least arbitrary without a
    better understanding of a category's characteristics. I'm listing them
    so you can see why I'm confused. I'm just curious.
    
    
    What distinguishes the meso-brachymorphic Friesians from horses of similar 
    size and conformation(e.g. Welsh Cobs and Morgans) which are classified as 
    mesomorphs? This seems inconsistent to me. Further apparent inconsistencies 
    arise when considering other breeds used as examples.
    
    For example, Irish Hunters are classified as mesomorphs. I have always
    understood that they are usually a cross between 
    Thoroughbred(dolichomorphic) and Irish Draft(which I assume are
    meso-brachymorphic since you mentioned them w/ Friesians). How do you
    cross a dolichomorphic horse with a meso-brachymorphic and get
    mesomorphs?
    
    Similarly, in some places you say that warmbloods(e.g. Oldenburg, 
    Trakehner, Hannoveraner, etc) are meso-dolichomorphic yet in 
    others(e.g. 199.99) you say that they have brachymorphic ancestry too! 
    Wouldn't these examples require a brachy-meso-dolichomorphic category?
    
    Or consider the closely related breeds, Lusitano(mesomorphs),
    Andalusian(classified as mesomorphs despite your statement that they have 
    Noriker[brachymorphic] influence?) and the Lipizzaner which you 
    said(in 199.96)is classified as meso-dolichomorphic. The breed history
    of the Lipizzaner indicates that they were breed by crossing Spanish
    horses (Andalusians, Lusitanos and/or their progenitors) with native work 
    horses. Where is the dolichomorphic influence in the Lipizzaner? All I
    am aware of historically is mesomorphic and brachymorphic influences.
    
    Or what about a category for the type of horse created by crossing TB
    with Shires, Clydes, etc. referred to in 199.103? Doesn't that require a
    brachy-dolichomorphic category?
    
    Can you clear up my confusion on those points?
    Thanks
    John
1622.4cOnFuSeD?KALED::paananen sayonnara MSO2Fri Apr 24 1992 18:4614
It's all quite simple, and I can see your confusion. You had me worried
for a second that I might be making sense. :-)

My refernce to other breeds in note 199 was an example of the
the bloodlines of Frisians which, I will admit I did a poor
and confusing job of writing.  The references to Cyldesdales
was to show that the Noriker  plays a BIG influence in
may brachymorph and meso-brachymorph breeds. This
I believe is part of the source of the confusion.

I will clarify in my next note the meso/brachy/doli lines and
attempt to explain what the distinction.

Ed